Medical image processing apparatus, control method for the same, and program

ABSTRACT

A plurality of analysis functions each corresponding to an organ are managed, and organ information is stored in such a manner as to correlate with a corresponding type of analysis function. The organ information indicates which of a plurality of regions included in the organ is to be subjected to thinning. Specification of one of the analysis functions is received from a user, and medical image data is acquired. A plurality of regions of an organ included in the acquired medical image data are identified. The identified plurality of regions of the organ, a region to be subjected to thinning is determined on the basis of the stored organ information and the received type of the analysis function. Thinning is performed on the determined region of the organ. An image of the thinned region is displayed together with an image of a region not subjected to thinning.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Continuation of International Patent ApplicationNo. PCT/JP2016/081981, filed Oct. 28, 2016, which claims the benefit ofJapanese Patent Application No. 2015-215286, filed Oct. 30, 2015 and No.2016-199458, filed Oct. 7, 2016, both of which are hereby incorporatedby reference herein in their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a medical image processing apparatus, acontrol method for the same, and a program.

BACKGROUND ART

When cancer is found in an organ, various treatment plans are developedin accordance with the stage of the cancer.

Examples of typical surgical approaches to liver cancer include partialliver resection. The examples also include living liver transplantationwhich transfers a healthy liver to a patient who would becomedysfunctional as a result of liver cancer. These procedures both involvecontrolling the liver volume. If the liver rapidly loses equal to ormore than 40% of its volume, the risk of liver failure increasessignificantly. Therefore, it is essential to plan in advance the extentof surgery and predict the post-treatment conditions of the patient. Atechnique that uses 3D computed tomography (3D-CT) to estimate the livervolume from the number of pixels in segments of the liver has emergedand become widely used, and currently its effectiveness is known.

PTL 1 (described below) discloses a mechanism that provides an imagesuitable for observation of the course of blood vessels in the vicinityof a cut surface.

CITATION LIST Patent Literature

PTL 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2014-18619

For partial liver resection and living liver transplantation, segmentsof the liver are estimated before surgery on the basis of the course ofblood vessels. For surgery of an organ (e.g., liver) having an intricatestructure of blood vessels, it is essential to know the course of bloodvessels in advance. For the liver, this is done by observing, from everyangle, the course of the portal and hepatic veins reproduced on thecomputer.

The central structure of each blood vessel is of most importance inliver surgical procedures. However, blood vessel structures reproducedon the computer naturally appear without change in the size of centralblood vessels. As a result, the blood vessel structures overlap oneanother and this makes it difficult to understand the course of bloodvessels in detail. Therefore, it is preferable that blood vessels bedisplayed in a manner which allows observation of their centralstructures.

An object of the present invention is to provide a mechanism that canfacilitate thinning and display of a region the user wants to display inthinned mode.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

To achieve the object described above, a medical image processingapparatus according to the present invention includes managing means formanaging a plurality of analysis functions each corresponding to anorgan; storage means for storing organ information in such a manner asto correlate the organ information with a corresponding type of analysisfunction managed by the managing means, the organ information indicatingwhich of a plurality of regions included in the organ is to be subjectedto thinning; receiving means for receiving specification of one of theanalysis functions managed by the managing means; acquiring means foracquiring medical image data; identifying means for identifying aplurality of regions of an organ included in the medical image data;instruction receiving means for receiving an instruction to performthinning on the organ; determining means for determining, in accordancewith the instruction received by the instruction receiving means, whichof the plurality of regions of the organ identified by the identifyingmeans is to be subjected to thinning, on the basis of the organinformation stored by the storage means and the type of the analysisfunction received by the receiving means; generating means forgenerating thinned surface shape data by performing thinning on medicalimage data of the region of the organ determined by the determiningmeans; and display control means for performing control in such a mannerthat an image representing the thinned surface shape data is displayedtogether with an image of a region not subjected to thinning by thegenerating means.

Further features of the present invention will become apparent from thefollowing description of exemplary embodiments with reference to theattached drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of a medicalimage processing apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration of themedical image processing apparatus 100 according to the embodiment ofthe present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a detailed flow of processingaccording to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows an exemplary screen capable of receiving selection of ananalysis function according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a data table representing an example of an analysis functiontable 500 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a detailed flow of processingaccording to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows an exemplary screen on which “veins” is selected and veinsare displayed according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows an exemplary screen on which a plurality of “parts” areselected and a plurality of parts are displayed according to theembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows an exemplary screen on which a plurality of “parts” areselected and shape data (surface shape data) obtained by widening thecenterline of each of predetermined parts by a predetermined width isdisplayed, according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 shows an exemplary screen on which a plurality of “parts” areselected and shape data obtained by widening the centerline of each ofpredetermined parts in accordance with the blood vessel diameter isdisplayed, according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 shows an exemplary screen on which an organ is divided intopredetermined segments and the segments are identifiably displayed.

FIG. 12 shows an exemplary screen on which blood vessels are displayedin colors of corresponding segments where the blood vessels are located.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a detailed flow of processingaccording to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a portal vein, which is an exemplarypart according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary instructionreceiving screen 1400 according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram used in the explanation of routesaccording to the second embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a portal vein obtained by thinningusing a diameter that varies with distance from the origin.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described withreference to the drawings.

First, a hardware configuration of a medical image processing apparatus100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will bedescribed using FIG. 1. Note that the hardware configuration of themedical image processing apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 is merelyan example and various other configurations are possible depending onthe intended use or purpose.

The medical image processing apparatus 100 includes a CPU 201, a RAM202, a ROM 203, a system bus 204, an input controller 205, a videocontroller 206, a memory controller 207, a communication I/F controller208, an input device 209, a display 210, and an external memory 211.

The CPU 201 performs overall control of devices and controllersconnected to the system bus 204.

The RAM 202 serves, for example, as a main memory or work area for theCPU 201. For execution of processing, the CPU 201 loads, for example, anappropriate program into the RAM 202 and implements various operationsby executing the program.

The ROM 203 or the external memory 211 stores a basic input/outputsystem (BIOS) and an operating system, which are control programs of theCPU 201, and various other programs (described below) required forimplementing functions executed by various devices.

The input controller 205 controls inputs from a pointing device (inputdevice 209), such as a keyboard or mouse.

The video controller 206 controls display of a display device, such asthe display 210. The display 210 (display unit) is, for example, a CRTor liquid crystal display.

The memory controller 207 controls access to the external memory 211(such as a hard disk, a flexible disk, or a card type memory connectedto a PCMCIA card slot via an adapter) that stores, for example, a bootprogram, a browser software program, various applications, font data,user files, and various types of data.

Note that the CPU 201 enables display on the display 210, for example,by expanding (rasterizing) an outline font in a display information areain the RAM 202. Also, the CPU 201 allows the user to point with a mousecursor (not shown) or the like on the display 210.

Various programs the medical image processing apparatus 100 of thepresent invention uses to perform various types of processing (describedbelow) are stored in the external memory 211. These programs are loadedinto the RAM 202 as necessary, and thus executed by the CPU 201.Definition files, various information tables, and medical images used bya program according to the present invention are stored in the externalmemory 211. The medical images may be stored in an external server andacquired therefrom by the medical image processing apparatus 100.

The description of the hardware configuration of the medical imageprocessing apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 ends here.

A functional configuration diagram of the medical image processingapparatus 100 will now be described using FIG. 2.

The medical image processing apparatus 100 includes such functionalunits as a managing unit 2001, a storage unit 2002, an acquiring unit2003, an identifying unit 2004, an instruction receiving unit 2005, adetermining unit 2006, a generating unit 2007, and a display controlunit 2008.

The managing unit 2001 manages a plurality of analysis functions eachcorresponding to an organ. The storage unit 2002 stores organinformation in such a manner as to correlate it with the type ofanalysis function managed. The organ information is informationindicating which of a plurality of regions included in the organ is tobe thinned (i.e., subjected to thinning). The acquiring unit 2003acquires medical image data. The identifying unit 2004 identifies aplurality of regions of an organ included in the medical image data. Theinstruction receiving unit 2005 receives an instruction to performthinning on the organ. The determining unit 2006 determines which of theplurality of regions of the organ identified in the medical image datais to be thinned, on the basis of the organ information stored in thestorage unit and the type of analysis function specified by the user.The generating unit 2007 is a functional unit that performs thinning onthe region of the organ determined by the determining unit and generatesthinned shape data. The display control unit 2008 performs control insuch a manner that an image representing the thinned shape datagenerated, by the generating unit, from one of the plurality of regionsof the organ is displayed together with an image of a region notsubjected to thinning.

The description of the functional configuration of the medical imageprocessing apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 2 ends here.

First Embodiment

A first embodiment of the present invention will now be described indetail using the flowchart of FIG. 3.

In step S301, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100receives specification of medical image data in accordance with aninstruction from the user. In the present embodiment, the medical imagedata is volume data of a subject acquired by being captured by amodality, such as a computed tomography (CT) machine or magneticresonance imaging (MRI) machine.

In step S302, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100receives selection of an analysis function from the user. For example,by receiving selection of an icon on the selection screen shown in FIG.4, the CPU 201 receives selection of an analysis function correspondingto the icon. Although the present embodiment describes processingperformed in response to a press of a liver analysis icon 401, the CPU201 may receive selection of an analysis function for analyzing adifferent site, such as a heart.

In step S303, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100acquires, from the external memory 211, settings corresponding to theanalysis function for which the selection has been received in stepS302. Specifically, the settings corresponding to the analysis functioninclude information for configuring the screen shown in FIG. 7 andinformation for analyzing the organ (i.e., analysis object). Each of theanalysis functions is assigned a different button on the screen. Whenthe user presses a button, settings using the medical image dataselected in step S301 are acquired on the basis of the settingscorresponding to the analysis function. In the present embodiment,settings corresponding to the liver analysis selected in step S302 areacquired. The settings corresponding to the liver analysis include partsinformation which is information on parts (regions) included in theliver, such as liver parenchyma, inferior vena cava, arteries, portalvein, and veins.

In step S304, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100receives specification of segments that are extracted from the medicalimage data in such a manner as to correlate with the parts informationon each of the liver parenchyma, inferior vena cava, arteries, portalvein, and veins.

In step S305, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100stores the medical image data segments for which the specification hasbeen received in step S304, in such a manner that they correlate withthe corresponding parts information.

The segments described above may be extracted from the medical imagedata and correlated with the parts information by manually extractingthe segments while the parts information is identified by the user.Alternatively, the segments may be automatically extracted on the basisof extraction conditions stored in advance in such a manner as tocorrelate with the analysis function, and then stored in such a manneras to correlate with the parts information.

In step S306, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100receives selection of one of parts buttons, each corresponding to onepiece of organ parts information. That is, a parts button is a buttonprovided for each piece of parts information, such as a veins button 701shown in FIG. 7.

In step S307, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100displays, on a display screen, a part corresponding to the parts buttonselected in step S306. For example, if the selection of the veins button701 has been received, veins 702 are displayed as shown in FIG. 7.

The description of the flowchart of FIG. 3 ends here. Performing theprocess illustrated in FIG. 3 makes it possible to store segmentscorresponding to each organ part included in the medical image data forwhich the specification has been received in step S301, and also todisplay the part corresponding to the selected parts information on thedisplay unit.

If a parts button is turned on or off while a part is being displayed inthis manner, a part corresponding to the parts button which has beenturned on is displayed and a part corresponding to the parts buttonwhich has been turned off is hidden. That is, for example, when partsbuttons for the liver parenchyma, inferior vena cava, portal vein, andveins are pressed as shown in FIG. 8, images of a liver parenchyma 803,an inferior vena cava 804, a portal vein 802, and veins 801 aredisplayed on the display unit.

After the segments corresponding to each of the organ parts are storedas described above, a parts thinning process illustrated in theflowchart of FIG. 6 is enabled.

The flowchart of FIG. 6 will now be described.

In step S601, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100identifies parts selected by the user. Specifically, by determiningwhich parts buttons are pressed, the CPU 201 identifies the partsselected by the user.

In step S603, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100determines whether an instruction to display an organ in thinned modehas been received. Specifically, if a press of a surface creation button912 (see FIG. 9) is received while a checkbox 910 for indicating whetherto perform thinning is checked by the user, the CPU 201 determines thatan instruction to display in thinned mode has been received.

Upon receiving the press of the surface creation button 912, the CPU 201of the medical image processing apparatus 100 determines, in step S604,whether a “blood vessel diameter dependent” checkbox 911 is checked(i.e., whether the checkbox has been selected by the user). If the CPU201 determines that the “blood vessel diameter dependent” checkbox 911is checked, the process proceeds to step S610, and otherwise proceeds tostep S605.

The flow from step S605 to step S609 is a routine flow performed for allthe parts identified in step S601.

In step S605, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100determines, for one of the parts selected in step S601, whether thecorresponding flag in thinning flag 503 is on.

Specifically, first, the CPU 201 acquires an analysis function table 500(such as that of FIG. 5) stored in the external memory 211. The analysisfunction table 500 has such fields as analysis function 501 showing thetypes of analysis functions, parts 502 showing organ parts correspondingto each of the analysis functions, and the thinning flag 503 containingflags each indicating whether to perform thinning on a correspondingpart in the parts 502. These elements in the analysis function 501,parts 502 and thinning flag 503 are stored in such a manner as tocorrelate with each other. On the basis of a flag in the thinning flag503 for the part corresponding to the analysis function selected by theuser in step S302, the CPU 201 acquires flag information for theselected part from the analysis function table 500. The CPU 201 thenmakes a determination in such a manner that if the acquired flaginformation is on (set to 1), the process proceeds to step S607, andotherwise proceeds to step S606.

In the present embodiment, where the selected analysis function is liveranalysis, only the parts “portal vein” and “veins” are selected to besubjected to thinning in the analysis function table 500. Therefore, ifthe selected part is “portal vein” or “veins”, the process proceeds tostep S607, whereas if the selected part is “liver parenchyma”, “inferiorvena cava”, or “arteries”, then the process proceeds to step S606. Ifthe selected analysis function is heart analysis, then only when theselected part is “right coronary artery” or “left coronary artery”, theprocess proceeds to step S607 for thinning.

In step S606, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100generates surface shape data of a part for which the CPU 201 hasdetermined in step S605 that the corresponding flag in the thinning flag503 is off (or set to 0). The surface shape data is, for example,polygon data generated by marching cubes (which is a known technique) onthe basis of medical image data corresponding to the part.

In step S607, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100identifies the centerline of the part on which determination has beenmade in step S605. The centerline may be identified, for example, by atechnique obtained by extending a two-dimensional thinning technique,such as the Hilditch's algorithm, to three dimensions or a thinningtechnique obtained by extending a three-dimensional surface thinningtechnique.

In step S608, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100generates surface shape data (thinned surface shape data) by wideningthe centerline identified in step S607 by a predetermined width in adirection orthogonal to the centerline.

In step S609, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100stores in the external memory 211 the surface shape data generated instep S606 or step S608.

When steps S605 to S609 are completed for all the parts selected in stepS601, the process proceeds to step S615.

In step S610, on the basis of the analysis function table 500, the CPU201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100 determines, for one ofthe selected parts, whether the corresponding flag in the thinning flag503 is on, in the same manner as in step S605. If the CPU 201 determinesthat the corresponding flag in the thinning flag 503 is on, the processproceeds to step S612, and otherwise proceeds to step S611.

In step S611, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100generates surface shape data of a part for which the CPU 201 hasdetermined in step S610 that the corresponding flag in the thinning flag503 is off. The surface shape data is, for example, polygon datagenerated by marching cubes (which is a known technique) on the basis ofmedical image data corresponding to the part.

In step S612, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100identifies the centerline of the part for which the CPU 201 hasdetermined in step S610 that the corresponding flag in the thinning flag503 is on. The technique used here to identify the centerline is thesame as that described above.

In step S613, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100generates surface shape data by widening the centerline identified instep S612 in a direction orthogonal to the centerline in such a mannerthat the width of the centerline is proportional to the diameter of theblood vessel (tubular structure). A known technique is used to calculatethe blood vessel diameter, and the width of the centerline is widened inaccordance with the blood vessel diameter determined. That is, surfaceshape data is generated which represents the blood vessel diameterslightly smaller than the actual blood vessel diameter.

In step S614, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100stores in the external memory 211 the surface shape data generated instep S611 or step S613.

When steps S610 to S614 are completed for all the parts selected in stepS601, the process proceeds to step S615.

In step S615, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100displays the surface shape data of the parts selected in step S601. Thatis, an image of thinned surface shape data is displayed together with animage of surface shape data of regions not subjected to thinning.

The screen shown in FIG. 9 is an exemplary screen that presents an imagegenerated from the surface shape data displayed in step S615 aftercompletion of step S605 to step S609 for all the parts selected in stepS601.

In the exemplary screen shown in FIG. 9, only a portal vein 902 andveins 901 for which the corresponding flags in the thinning flag 503 areon in the analysis function table 500 are subjected to thinning, bywhich they are widened with respect to their centerlines by apredetermined width, and the resulting shapes are displayed. On theother hand, a liver parenchyma 903 (organ parenchyma) and an inferiorvena cava 904 are not subjected to thinning and are displayed with theiroriginal shapes. As described above, by simply giving an instruction toperform thinning, only parts that are to be thinned can be thinned anddisplayed by the user. The user can thus be saved the trouble ofselecting a part to be thinned each time.

The exemplary screen shown in FIG. 9 allows setting of color informationfor each part, and provides color information setting buttons (921 to925) for respective parts. Upon receiving selection of a colorinformation setting button, a color setting screen, which allows settingof colors using RGB values, appears and receives user's specification ofcolors. The colors specified here are displayed as the colors of theparts corresponding to the color information setting buttons. Forexample, if the color specified with the color information settingbutton 921 is pink, the liver parenchyma 903 is displayed in pink. Thus,by setting different colors for the portal vein 902 and the veins 901that run intricately in the liver parenchyma 903, the course of bloodvessels in the liver parenchyma 903 can be displayed in an easilyunderstandable manner. The color information can be preset in such amanner as to correspond to a part extracted from volume data. In thiscase, the color information is inherited as color informationcorresponding to a thinned part, so that an image corresponding to thethinned surface shape data is displayed in the corresponding color.

The screen shown in FIG. 10 is an exemplary screen that presents thesurface shape data displayed in step S615 after completion of step S610to step S613 for all the parts selected in step S601.

In the exemplary screen shown in FIG. 10, only a portal vein 1002 andveins 1001 for which the corresponding flags in the thinning flag 503are on in the analysis function table 500 are subjected to thinning, bywhich they are widened in accordance with their blood vessel diameters.On the other hand, a liver parenchyma 1003 and an inferior vena cava1004 are not subjected to thinning and are displayed with their originalshapes. In FIG. 10, again, by simply giving an instruction to performthinning, only parts that are to be thinned can be thinned and displayedby the user. The user can thus be saved the trouble of selecting a partto be thinned each time. Additionally, since the centerlines are widenedin accordance with the blood vessel diameters, the parts can bedisplayed in such a manner that the courses of blood vessels are easilyidentifiable even though the displayed blood vessels are closer toactual ones than in the case of FIG. 9.

In FIG. 10, as in FIG. 9, color information can be set for each part.Upon receiving selection of a color information setting button, a colorsetting screen, which allows setting of colors using RGB values, appearsand receives user's specification of colors. The colors specified hereare displayed as the colors of the parts corresponding to the colorinformation setting buttons. Thus, for example, by setting differentcolors for the portal vein 902 and the veins 901 that run intricately inthe liver parenchyma 903, the course of blood vessels in the liverparenchyma 903 can be displayed in an easily understandable manner.

Additionally, when, as illustrated in FIG. 11, selection of a dividebutton 1110 (division instruction) is received, for example,specification for dividing the liver parenchyma 903 into a plurality ofsegments, such as a “left hepatic vein perfusion segment 1103”, a“middle hepatic vein perfusion segment 1102”, and a “right hepatic veinperfusion segment 1101”, in accordance with the course of veins can bereceived. The segments may be specified manually by the user or may bespecified using a known technique. When the user receives selection ofcolor information setting buttons 1111 to 1113 for the segments, a colorsetting screen which enables setting of colors using RGB values isdisplayed, and this allows setting of colors. Colors specified using thecolor information setting buttons are applied to the three segments anddisplayed. Specifically, a color specified using the color informationsetting button 1111 is applied to the “left hepatic vein perfusionsegment 1103”, a color specified using the color information settingbutton 1112 is applied to the “middle hepatic vein perfusion segment1102”, and a color specified using the color information setting button1113 is applied to the “right hepatic vein perfusion segment 1101”.

With this color information applied, if a surface creation button 1116is pressed while a “thinning” checkbox 1114 and a “blood vessel diameterdependent” checkbox 1115 are selected, a transition to the screen shownin FIG. 12 takes place. In the exemplary screen shown in FIG. 12, bloodvessels 1203 located in the “left hepatic vein perfusion segment 1103”are displayed in the color specified with the color information settingbutton 1111, blood vessels 1202 located in the “middle hepatic veinperfusion segment 1102” are displayed in the color specified with thecolor information setting button 1112, and blood vessels 1201 located inthe “right hepatic vein perfusion segment 1101” are displayed in thecolor specified with the color information setting button 1113. Theblood vessels shown in FIG. 12 are veins, but do not necessarily need tobe veins. For example, a portal vein may be displayed instead. Thesegments are displayed in such a manner as to be identified by colors,but any other means can be used as long as it is possible to notify theuser that they are different segments.

The surface shape data obtained by thinning the blood vessels isidentifiably displayed in display mode depending on the segment of theliver. The course of blood vessels corresponding to one segment of theliver can thus be easily distinguished from that corresponding toanother segment. In living liver transplantation, for example, thishelps develop the surgical plan which takes into consideration theperfusion segment (i.e., segment of the liver) in the remnant liver ofthe donor (who gives the organ).

Although the “thinning” checkbox 1114 and the “blood vessel diameterdependent” checkbox 1115 are selected in this example, the blood vesselsdescribed above may be displayed in different colors with only the“thinning” checkbox 1114 selected.

The description of the first embodiment ends here.

Second Embodiment

In the first embodiment, flag information indicating whether to performthinning is stored for each part (region) of an organ by the storageunit, and a part to be subjected to thinning is automatically identifiedand then the identified part is thinned. As thinning methods, the firstembodiment has described a method by which a blood vessel is thinned bywidening by a predetermined width in a direction orthogonal to thecenterline of the blood vessel, and a method by which a blood vessel isthinned by widening the centerline in accordance with the blood vesseldiameter. The second embodiment describes a method by which a bloodvessel is displayed in thinned mode by gradually narrowing the diameterof the blood vessel with increasing distance from the origin toward theend of the blood vessel.

The system configuration, hardware configuration, functionalconfiguration, exemplary screens, and data table of the secondembodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, except thatFIG. 6 is replaced by FIG. 13. The second embodiment describes onlyprocessing that differs from that of the first embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a detailed flow of processingaccording to the second embodiment.

Step S601 and step S602 are not described here, as they are the same asthose in the flowchart of FIG. 6.

In step S1301, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100determines whether an instruction to display an organ in thinned modehas been received. Specifically, the CPU 201 causes an instructionreceiving screen 1400 (shown in FIG. 14) to be displayed on the display210, and if a surface creation button 1403 is pressed while either a“gradual narrowing” button 1401 or a thinning button 1402 is selected,the CPU 201 determines that an instruction to display an organ inthinned mode has been received. If the surface creation button 1403 ispressed while a “normal” button is selected, the CPU 201 determines thata simple surface creation instruction, rather than the instruction todisplay an organ in thinned mode, has been received and then createssurface data on the basis of volume data.

When the surface creation button 1403 is pressed in step S1301, the CPU201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100 determines, in stepS1302, whether the “gradual narrowing” button 1401 is selected. If theCPU 201 determines that the “gradual narrowing” button 1401 is selected,the process proceeds to step S609, and otherwise proceeds to step S604.

Step S604 to step S611 are not described here, as they are the same asthe corresponding steps in the first embodiment.

In step S1303, the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100identifies the position of an origin 1601 of the part for which the CPU201 has determined in step S609 that the thinning flag is on (thiscorresponds to “origin identifying means”). The origin 1601 is thestarting point (or root) of the tree structure of the part, which is atubular structure. For example, the portion indicated by referencenumeral 1501 in FIG. 15 is the origin of the portal vein of the liver.The position of the origin 1601 may be identified by a technique whichreceives an input from the user via a pointing device, such as a mouse,or by a known technique (see, e.g., Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.2012-228396) which automatically extracts the position of the origin1601 of the tubular structure, such as the portal vein having a treestructure.

In step S1304, from the part (tree structure) for which the CPU 201 hasdetermined in step S609 that the thinning flag is on, the CPU 201generates shape data representing a diameter determined in accordancewith distance from the origin 1601.

The processing performed here is described in detail. On the basis ofthe position of the origin 1601 of the part identified in step S1303,the CPU 201 of the medical image processing apparatus 100 extracts thetree structure of the part. The tree structure is extracted in thefollowing manner. The CPU 201 extracts voxels corresponding to thecenterline identified in step S611. Of the extracted voxels, one thatcorresponds to the position of the origin 1601 identified in step S1303is defined as the starting point, and a series of other voxels runningtherefrom is scanned. This operation is described using the schematicdiagram of FIG. 16. The CPU 201 identifies voxels running from theorigin 1601. If the number of voxels running from the origin 1601 is oneor two, the CPU 201 identifies the one or two voxels as a voxel (orvoxels) of the same linear structure element. This operation is repeatedand if the CPU 201 identifies a voxel 1602 that is the third orsubsequent one from the origin 1601, the CPU 201 identifies the voxel1602 as a node. The CPU 201 can identify the node 1602 and a node 1603(see FIG. 16) by repeating this operation. By the CPU 201, voxelsrunning form the origin 1601 to the node 1602 are extracted as a linearstructure element 1611, voxels running form the node 1602 to a node 1603are extracted as a linear structure element 1612, voxels running formthe node 1602 to an end point 1604 are extracted as a linear structureelement 1613, voxels running form the node 1603 to an end point 1606 areextracted as a linear structure element 1614, and voxels running formthe node 1603 to an end point 1605 are extracted as a linear structureelement 1615.

The tree structure may be extracted by other techniques, such as thoseusing a Hessian matrix. Specifically, after performing multi-resolutiontransformation on a three-dimensional medical image, the CPU 201performs eigenvalue analysis of the Hessian matrix in images ofrespective resolutions to extract linear structure elements. Next, bycombining together the results of analysis in the images of respectiveresolutions, the CPU 201 extracts linear structure elements of varioussizes in the three-dimensional medical image. Then, by connecting theextracted linear structure elements using, for example, a minimumspanning tree algorithm, the CPU 201 can obtain data representing thetubular structure in the three-dimensional medical image (see, e.g.,Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-223338).

Next, the CPU 201 identifies a plurality of routes (paths) that extendfrom the origin 1601 of the extracted tree structure of the part toreach the end point. Route A illustrated in FIG. 16 is a route thatoriginates at the origin 1601 and passes through the node 1602 to reachthe end point 1604. Route B is a route that originates at the origin1601 and passes through the node 1602 and the node 1603 to reach the endpoint 1605. Route C is a route that originates at the origin 1601 andpasses through the node 1602 and the node 1603 to reach the end point1606. In the schematic diagram of FIG. 16, the CPU 201 can identify thethree routes described above.

The CPU 201 determines the length of each of the plurality of routesidentified as described above. From the lengths determined, the CPU 201identifies the longest route in length from the origin to the end point.The present embodiment is described on the assumption that route A isthe longest one. The CPU 201 determines, by calculation over the rangefrom the origin to the end point of route A, the radius of the part in across-section thereof orthogonal to the centerline identified in stepS611. Of all the radii determined, the largest one (hereinafter referredto as “largest radius”) and the smallest one (hereinafter referred to as“smallest radius”) are identified by the CPU 201.

On the basis of the largest and smallest radii identified, the CPU 201identifies the radius decrease rate per voxel with respect to thedistance of route A. For example, the CPU 201 can identify the radiusdecrease rate per voxel by dividing the value obtained by subtractingthe smallest radius from the largest radius, by the distance of route A.The radius decrease rate per voxel can be determined from the largestradius, the smallest radius, and the distance of route A as describedabove. However, this is merely an example and is not necessarily theonly way to determine. Although the radius has been used in thedescription of the present embodiment, the method described above may ofcourse be implemented using the diameter.

Then first, for the shortest of all the plurality of routes identified,the CPU 201 determines the radius of the centerline. The presentembodiment is described on the assumption that route C is the shortestone.

The CPU 201 determines the radius of the part at the position of theorigin 1601 identified in step S1303 (hereinafter this radius isreferred to as “origin radius”). From this origin radius and thedecrease rate per voxel, the CPU 201 determines the radius of thecenterline running along route C, by calculation for each of the voxelsrunning from the origin 1601 to the end point 1606. The CPU 201 thusdetermines the radius of each of the linear structure element 1611, thelinear structure element 1612, and the linear structure element 1614.The radii determined here are never changed.

Next, the CPU 201 identifies the next shortest route after route C. Thisis route B in the present embodiment. Of the radii of all the linearstructure elements forming route B, the radii of the linear structureelement 1611 and linear structure element 1612 are already determined bythe calculation for route C. Therefore, the CPU 201 determines theradius of only the linear structure element 1615 by calculation. On thebasis of the radius at the node 1603 determined by the calculation forroute C and the decrease rate per voxel, the CPU 201 determines theradius of the linear structure element 1615.

Next, the CPU 201 identifies the next shortest route after route B. Thisis route A in the present embodiment. Of the radii of the linearstructure elements forming route A, the radius of the linear structureelement 1611 is already determined. Therefore, the CPU 201 determinesthe radius of the linear structure element 1613 by calculation on thebasis of the decrease rate per voxel and the radius at the node 1602described above. The CPU 201 then determines whether there is the nextlongest route after route A. Since there is no route longer than route Ain FIG. 16 of the present embodiment, the CPU 201 ends the processinghere.

This completes the thinning process which involves gradually narrowingthe radius of the part in accordance with distance from the origin ofthe part. The schematic diagram of FIG. 17 shows a portal vein obtainedby thinning which involves gradually narrowing the radius of the part inaccordance with distance from the origin of the part. The thinning whichinvolves gradually narrowing the diameter in accordance with distancefrom the origin is advantageous in that even when parts are ones thatbranch out intricately, they are displayed in such a manner that thediameters of the regions (i.e., the outer perimeters of the tubularstructures) that are equidistant from the origin are equal. This meansthat if the outer perimeters are equal, the user can instinctivelydetermine that the distances from the origin are equal. In other words,the user can instinctively perceive the positional relation with respectto the origin.

The description of the second embodiment ends here.

The present invention makes it possible to provide a mechanism that canfacilitate thinning and display of a region the user wants to display inthinned mode.

Although the liver has been described as an organ in the presentembodiment, any other organs (e.g., heart, brain, and lungs) can beincluded in the present invention as long as they are tubularstructures.

The present invention may be embodied, for example, as a system, anapparatus, a method, a program, or a storage medium. Specifically, thepresent invention may be applied to a system composed of a plurality ofdevices, or to an apparatus composed of a single device. The presentinvention includes the case of directly or remotely supplying a softwareprogram that implements the functions of the above-described embodimentsto a system or apparatus. The present invention also includes the caseof being achieved when an information processor of the system orapparatus reads out and executes the supplied program code.

Therefore, the program code installed in the information processor forimplementing functional processing of the present invention in theinformation processor also implements the present invention. That is,the present invention also includes a computer program for implementingthe functional processing of the present invention.

In this case, the computer program may be object code, a programexecuted by an interpreter, or script data supplied to an OS, or may beof any other form as long as it functions as a program.

Examples of a recording medium for supplying the program include aflexible disk, a hard disk, an optical disc, a magneto-optical disc, anMO, a CD-ROM, a CD-R, and a CD-RW. The examples also include a magnetictape, a nonvolatile memory card, a ROM, and a DVD (DVD-ROM, DVD-R).

The program may be supplied by connecting to a website on the Internetusing a browser on a client computer, and then downloading the computerprogram of the present invention or a compressed file having anautomatic installation function, from the website onto a recordingmedium, such as a hard disk.

The present invention may also be implemented by dividing the programcode forming the program of the present invention into multiple files,and downloading the multiple files from different websites. That is, thepresent invention also includes a WWW server that allows multiple usersto download program files for implementing the functional processing ofthe present invention in the information processor.

The program according to the present invention may be encrypted andstored on a storage medium, such as a CD-ROM, and distributed to users.In this case, users satisfying predetermined conditions are permitted todownload key information for decrypting the encrypted program from awebsite via the Internet. By using the downloaded key information, theencrypted program can be executed, installed onto the informationprocessor, and implemented.

The functions of the embodiments described above are implemented whenthe information processor executes a read-out program. The functions ofthe embodiments described above may also be implemented when an OS orthe like running on the information processor performs part or all ofactual processing on the basis of instructions of the program.

The functions of the embodiments described above may also be implementedwhen the program read out from a recording medium is written to a memoryof a function expansion board inserted in the information processor or afunction expansion unit connected to the information processor, and thena CPU or the like of the function expansion board or the functionexpansion unit performs part or all of actual processing on the basis ofinstructions of the program.

The present invention makes it possible to provide a mechanism that canfacilitate thinning and display of a region the user wants to display inthinned mode.

While the present invention has been described with reference toexemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is notlimited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of thefollowing claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as toencompass all such modifications and equivalent structures andfunctions.

1. A medical image processing apparatus comprising: managing means formanaging a plurality of analysis functions each corresponding to anorgan; storage means for storing organ information in such a manner asto correlate the organ information with a corresponding type of analysisfunction managed by the managing means, the organ information indicatingwhich of a plurality of regions included in the organ is to be subjectedto thinning; receiving means for receiving specification of one of theanalysis functions managed by the managing means; acquiring means foracquiring medical image data; identifying means for identifying aplurality of regions of an organ included in the medical image data;instruction receiving means for receiving an instruction to performthinning on the organ; determining means for determining, in accordancewith the instruction received by the instruction receiving means, whichof the plurality of regions of the organ identified by the identifyingmeans is to be subjected to thinning, on the basis of the organinformation stored by the storage means and the type of the analysisfunction received by the receiving means; generating means forgenerating thinned surface shape data by performing thinning on medicalimage data of the region of the organ determined by the determiningmeans; and display control means for performing control in such a mannerthat an image representing the thinned surface shape data is displayedtogether with an image of a region not subjected to thinning by thegenerating means.
 2. The medical image processing apparatus according toclaim 1, wherein the plurality of regions included in the organ includeat least one of an organ parenchyma, a vein, an artery, and a portalvein, each being a tubular structure; and the storage means stores thetubular structure as a region to be subjected to thinning.
 3. Themedical image processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein thethinned surface shape data is thinned surface shape data generated onthe basis of a centerline identified in the tubular structure.
 4. Themedical image processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein thereceiving means is capable of receiving a first instruction indicatingthat the thinning is processing dependent on a diameter of the tubularstructure, or a second instruction not dependent on the diameter of thetubular structure; and if the receiving means receives the firstinstruction, the generating means performs, as the thinning, processingthat widens a centerline in accordance with the diameter of the tubularstructure, the centerline being identified in the tubular structure,whereas if the receiving means receives the second instruction, thegenerating means performs, as the thinning, processing that widens by apredetermined width the centerline identified in the tubular structure.5. The medical image processing apparatus according to claim 2, whereinthe storage means stores the vein and the portal vein as regions thatare to be subjected to thinning.
 6. The medical image processingapparatus according to claim 1, wherein the storage means stores colorinformation for each of the plurality of regions, the color informationbeing used for display; and the display control means performs controlin such a manner that a thinned region is displayed in a color indicatedby the color information stored by the storage means.
 7. The medicalimage processing apparatus according to claim 6, further comprisingdividing means for dividing an organ parenchyma of the organ into aplurality of segments, wherein the storage means further stores colorinformation for each of the plurality of segments obtained by thedividing means, the color information being used for display; and whenthe organ parenchyma is divided by the dividing means, the displaycontrol means divides the thinned surface shape data into pieces eachcorresponding to one of the plurality of segments of the organparenchyma, and performs control in such a manner that the pieces ofthinned surface shape data are each displayed using the colorinformation stored for the corresponding segment by the storage means.8. The medical image processing apparatus according to claim 1, whereinfor a region other than the region of the organ determined by thedetermining means, the generating means generates surface shape datafrom medical image data of the region; and the display control meansperforms control in such a manner that the image representing thethinned surface shape data is displayed together with an imagerepresenting the surface shape data of the region.
 9. The medical imageprocessing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising originidentifying means for identifying an origin of the region; wherein thegenerating means generates the thinned surface shape data by graduallyreducing a diameter of the region, in accordance with distance from theorigin identified by the origin identifying means, over a range from theorigin to an end of the region.
 10. A control method for a medical imageprocessing apparatus including storage means for storing organinformation in such a manner as to correlate the organ information witha type of analysis function managed by managing means, the organinformation indicating which of a plurality of regions included in anorgan is to be subjected to thinning, the medical image processingapparatus comprising: a managing step of managing a plurality ofanalysis functions each corresponding to an organ; a receiving step ofreceiving specification of one of the analysis functions managed in themanaging step; an acquiring step of acquiring medical image data; anidentifying step of identifying a plurality of regions of an organincluded in the medical image data; an instruction receiving step ofreceiving an instruction to perform thinning on the organ; a determiningstep of determining, in accordance with the instruction received in theinstruction receiving step, which of the plurality of regions of theorgan identified in the identifying step is to be subjected to thinning,on the basis of the organ information stored by the storage means andthe type of the analysis function received in the receiving step; agenerating step of generating thinned surface shape data by performingthinning on medical image data of the region of the organ determined inthe determining step; and a display control step of performing controlin such a manner that an image representing the thinned surface shapedata is displayed together with an image of a region not subjected tothinning in the generating step.
 11. A program executable by a medicalimage processing apparatus including storage means for storing organinformation in such a manner as to correlate the organ information witha type of analysis function managed by managing means, the organinformation indicating which of a plurality of regions included in anorgan is to be subjected to thinning, the program causing the medicalimage processing apparatus to function as: managing means for managing aplurality of analysis functions each corresponding to an organ;receiving means for receiving specification of one of the analysisfunctions managed by the managing means; acquiring means for acquiringmedical image data; identifying means for identifying a plurality ofregions of an organ included in the medical image data; instructionreceiving means for receiving an instruction to perform thinning on theorgan; determining means for determining, in accordance with theinstruction received by the instruction receiving means, which of theplurality of regions of the organ identified by the identifying means isto be subjected to thinning, on the basis of the organ informationstored by the storage means and the type of the analysis functionreceived by the receiving means; generating means for generating thinnedsurface shape data by performing thinning on medical image data of theregion of the organ determined by the determining means; and displaycontrol means for performing control in such a manner that an imagerepresenting the thinned surface shape data is displayed together withan image of a region not subjected to thinning by the generating means.